The Book of Romans is often considered the Apostle Paul’s theological masterpiece. It is the most comprehensive explanation of the Gospel found in the New Testament. However, because of its dense theological arguments, it can be intimidating to study.
To begin studying Romans, it is helpful to divide the book into four major sections:
1. The Problem: Humanity's Sin (Chapters 1-3)
Paul begins by diagnosing the human condition. He argues that whether you are a deeply religious person or someone who ignores God entirely, everyone has fallen short of God's standard.
2. The Solution: Justification by Faith (Chapters 4-5)
Paul introduces the concept of grace. He uses Abraham as the ultimate example that we are made right with God not through our own good works, but through faith in Jesus Christ.
3. The Struggle: Life in the Spirit (Chapters 6-8)
Here, Paul addresses the reality of the Christian life. He openly discusses the internal war between our old nature and our new identity, culminating in the triumphant promise in chapter 8 that 'there is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.'
4. The Application: Living it Out (Chapters 12-16)
After 11 chapters of deep theology, Paul pivots to practical application. He instructs believers on how this theology should practically change how we love one another, submit to authorities, and handle disagreements.
When reading Romans, don't rush. Take a single paragraph at a time, look for connecting words like 'therefore' and 'because,' and ask yourself how the theological truth Paul is presenting applies to your daily life.